Such simple litters are common on battlefields and emergency situations, where terrain prohibits wheeled vehicles from carrying away the dead and wounded. [14] Before Hong Kong's Peak Tram went into service in 1888, wealthy residents of The Peak were carried on sedan chairs by coolies up the steep paths to their residence including Sir Richard MacDonnell's (former Governor of Hong Kong) summer home, where they could take advantage of the cooler climate. A simple litter consists of a sling attached along its length to poles or stretched inside a frame. Sedan chairs, in use until the 19th century, were accompanied at night by link-boys who carried torches. [9] Rickshaws, introduced in the 1930s, supplanted them for trips around town. Palanquin (1 Occurrence). Litter (vehicle) - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Top 10 Worse Alternatives to Plane Travel - TIME Let's walk through the logistics of using a litter or, depending on your locale, a lectica (ancient Rome), a … These were lacquered in an auspicious shade of red, richly ornamented and gilded, and were equipped with red silk curtains to screen the bride from onlookers.[14]. A palanquin is a covered litter, usually for one passenger. Such litters, consisting of a simple cane chair with maybe an umbrella to ward off the elements and two stout bamboo poles, may still be found in Chinese mountain resorts such as the Huangshan Mountains to carry tourists along scenic paths and to viewing positions inaccessible by other means of transport. The theme of the party will be goddess. The joli was transported either by hired help, by nobles' peasants, or by slaves. These were not the proper sedan chairs "to carry the better sort of people in visits, or if sick or infirmed" (Celia Fiennes). Larger litters, for example those of the Chinese emperors, may resemble small rooms upon a platform borne upon the shoulders o… [14] Private chairs were an important marker of a person's status. [8], Being transported by palanquin was pleasant. Historically, the palanquin of a Javanese king (raja), prince (pangeran), lord (raden mas) or other noble (bangsawan) was known as a jempana; a more throne-like version was called a pangkem. The chair with perhaps the greatest importance was the bridal chair. See more. Another word for palanquin. A doli carries the bride in a traditional wedding,[12] and they may be used to carry religious images in Hindu processions.[13]. Such novelties, imported into Spain, spread into France and then to Britain. Occasionally, a weapon or heirloom, such as an important keris or tombak, was given its own palanquin. There were often[quantify] disastrous accidents, upset chairs, and broken glass-paned windows. [9][10] The post office could arrange, with a few days notice, relays of bearers to convey a traveller's palanquin between stages or stations. 1, No. It is carried by an even number of bearers (between two and eight, but most commonly four) on their shoulders, by means of a pole projecting fore and aft. One of these mountains where the silla is still used is the Huangshan Mountains of Anhui province in Eastern China. In 1738 a fare system was established for Scottish sedans, and the regulations covering chairmen in Bath are reminiscent of the modern Taxi Commission's rules. The litter, or palanquin, is easily recognized. [4] By the beginning of the 20th century they were nearly "obsolete among the better class of Europeans". While the cáng has become obsolete, the kiệu is retained in certain traditional rituals a part of a temple devotional procession. This mode of transportation, where two people use strong poles to carry a third, has many names: litter or sedan chair (English), palanquin (French), palki (India), jiao (China), lectica (Ancient Rome), gama (Korea), norimono (Japan), and … (formerly in India and other Asian countries) a passenger conveyance, usually for one person, consisting of a covered or boxlike litter carried by means of poles resting on the shoulders of several bearers. Litter (1 Occurrence)... Easton's Bible Dictionary (Hebrews tsab, as being lightly and gently borne), a sedan or palanquin for the conveyance of persons of rank (Isaiah 66:20). This is a terrific functional improvement over traditional clay litter. [3] Interiors are furnished with bedding and pillows. In Thailand, the royalty were also carried in wooden litters called wo ("พระวอ" Phra Wo, literally, "Royal Sedan") for large ceremonies. A palanquin (also called a litter) is a portable bed or couch, open or enclosed, that is mounted on two poles and carried at each end on the shoulders of porters or by animals. The Portuguese apparently added a nasal termination to these to make palanquim. And an ailing 81-year-old Benjamin Franklin travelled to meetings of the United States Constitutional Convention in 1787 in a sedan chair. In the Northern Wei Dynasty and the Northern and Southern Song Dynasty, wooden carriages on poles appear in painted landscape scrolls. : a conveyance formerly used especially in eastern Asia usually for one person that consists of an enclosed litter borne on the shoulders of men by means of poles Examples of palanquin in a Sentence Travellers by silla usually employed a number of porters, who would alternate carrying the occupant. Litter is a platform mounted on two shafts, or a more elaborate construction, designed to be carried by two (or more) people to transport one (in luxury models sometimes more) third person(s) or (occasionally in the elaborate version) a cargo, such as a religious idol, … The instructions for how to construct the Ark of the Covenant in the Book of Exodus resembles a litter. Trevor Fawcett notes (see link) that British travellers Fynes Moryson (in 1594) and John Evelyn (in 1644–5) remarked on the seggioli of Naples and Genoa, which were chairs for public hire slung from poles and carried on the shoulders of two porters. In Korea, royalty and aristocrats were carried in wooden litters called gama. A covered litter carried on poles on the shoulders of multiple bearers, formerly used in southern and eastern Asia. Due to the tropical climate, horses were not native to the area nor could they survive very long once introduced by the Portuguese. 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